Critical Thinking Paper Corporal Punishment - 1408 Words

Gabriella Reyes Corrections Critical Thinking Paper April 13, 2015 Corporal Punishment Corporal Punishment is a universal argumentation topic that has created a divided line between a population who believe harsher physical punishment should be considered as a sentence against offenders and those who disagree that physical punishment is un-humane to use on an offender. The United States is one out of many countries that fits the above description. Corporal punishment has been restricted from being used in prisons for quite some time. There has been retribution of bringing back corporal punishment into the U.S. criminal system due to the increase of youth violence and the high cost of keeping an inmate in prison for their time being. The meaning of corporal punishment â€Å" is nothing more than the infliction of pain as part of a sentence†(Maddan Hallahan, 2012, P. 99). The canning of teenager Michael Fay convicted of receiving six blows for a misdemeanor of vandalism while in Singapore. During this event he attracted the many responses of Americans who reconsider the idea of corporal punishment. Many argue that corporal punishment should be brought back to be used on juveniles who are to be sentenced for adult time and even misdemeanor charges. (Maddan Hallan, 2012). It could decrease misdemeanor crimes that are being committed by those who are new to crime scene and frighten those who follow. Today, incarceration is a better means of contemporary confining an inmateShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography : Single Mothers896 Words   |  4 Pagessorce meke me think how a little problem that happen in any family could be a big issue for a single parent family. Asses: As my second sorce for my reasorch peaper this sorce give me some answers. Also it open my mind to more questions and critical thinking. One of the things that meke this sorce more intereting and useful for me is one of the main point that it bring to me that is if single perents could be as role model to follow for our little childrems. This sorce is reliable because I foundRead MoreImportance Of Education Essay1824 Words   |  8 PagesSTUDENTS AND CULTIVATING A COOPERATIVE SOCIETY Two concepts are proposed in this paper for the purposes of societal cultivation and human growth. One, that the Arts are critical to human development the growth of society. And two, a practical approach at implementing arts education within the Fairbanks community without relying on public school system. Early childhood and adolescent development are critical times in a human s life especially when it comes to facilitating intelligence growthRead MorePrincipals’ and Students’ Attitude Towards Provision of Guidance and Counselling Servises and Maintenance of Dicsipline in Secondary Schools of Nyamira District-Kenya7287 Words   |  30 Pagesof their many responsibilities to other members of staff (Republic of Kenya, 1979). In essence, the principal is held responsible in case of the failure of any activity or services in the school (Mbithi, 1974). It is within this set up that this paper endevoured to investigate principals’ and students’ attitudes towards provision of guidance and counselling services and maintenance of discipline in schools of Nyamira District. The study also sought to determine the importance of guidance and counsellingRead MoreEffective Communication in Primary Schools1908 Words   |  8 PagesRunning head: EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS Concept Paper Strategic Model for Effective Communication in Primary Schools With Focus on the merger between Erdiston Carrington Schools Colleen J. Inniss-Gittens University of the West Indies, Cave Hill PSYC 2016: Communication Psychology ABSTRACT It is critical to consider the efficiency of design, layout and staffing as it relates to successful communication in schools from a psychological perspective. If the design or layout ofRead MoreThe Negative And Positive Impacts Of Solitary Confinement Essay2080 Words   |  9 Pagesforced into a living condition that requires them let go of the outside world. This system of punishment is called solitary confinement. The paper will be go over the positive aspects of solitary confinement and the negative aspects of solitary confinement. This paper addresses the psychological impact of solitary confinement and its implications for outside world adjustments. The first part of this paper will go over how it was deemed positive when invented. According to Brooke Shelby Biggs in theRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System3724 Words   |  15 PagesIntroduction The goal of this paper is to analyze if the criminal justice system, as it is constructed today, is doing enough to punish and to deter crime. It will also look to see if there is deterrent in punishment at all. To do this there are a number of theories that should be examined. This includes the following Deterrence theory, rational choice theory, and lastly the positivist theory. The deterrence theory is a very basic, but overlapping theory to all of the others. We learn thatRead MorePrivate Peaceful By Michael Morpurgo1871 Words   |  8 Pagesstruggles that come with the honor of serving their country. â€Å"The war had become the new reality for countless men, as they were wrapped up into the stultifying routines and deadly horrors of trench warfare. There seemed no respite in sight, but it was critical to maintain a high level of watchfulness, or else the consequences were often fatal† (Peter 66). Although the gunfire was prominent and frightening, other problems o f war not often thought about were also prevalent in this story. â€Å"Our greatest scourgeRead MoreAnalyzing Mr. Keating’s Teaching Concept in Dead Poets Society from Progressivism4764 Words   |  20 Pagesmethod against tradition brought vitality to this school: in his classroom, he encouraged the students to stand upon the desk, to observe the world around with a different perspective; he introduced thoughtful poetry to students; the free divergent thinking philosophy he advocated caused great repercussions among students. Gradually, some people accepted him, began to bravely face every day and grasp their own life. Charlie is eager to find the real self, renamed Nuwanda. He takes advantage of beingRead MoreCorrectional Administration Reviewer18383 Words   |  74 PagesCORRECTIONAL ADMINISTRATION CHIVAS GOCELA DULGUIME, R.C I. INTRODUCTION PENOLOGY - the study of punishment of crime. - a branch of Criminology dealing with prison management, and the deterrence and reformatory treatment of criminals. SOURCES OF THE TERM PENOLOGY: a. Peno was derived from Greek word â€Å"piono† and from the Latin word â€Å"poena†, both terms mean punishment. b. Logy was from the Latin word â€Å"logos†, meaning science. c. Penology distinguish from Penitentiary Science- Penology dealsRead MoreFashion Brand Marketing5391 Words   |  22 Pagescustomer at the centre of their strategy: Creativity and craftsmanship characterized more than ever their product launch initiatives. Also, their communication approach be it advertising, PR, digital evolved into fewer, more impactful and lateral thinking creative projects. A greater focus was dedicated to the store experience with increased commitment in sales expertise, service to the client and customer loyalty. Improving the profitability was the priority in 2010. This was achieved by supply chain

Financial Crimes - 1610 Words

As the complexity and scope of business has expanded through the world, the need to track financial information has grown. There has been a corresponding increase in illegal financial activity according to separate surveys by the U. S. Department of Justice, Pricewaterhouse-Coopers, and the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) (Houck, Kranacher, Morris, Riley, Robertson, Wells, 2006). An understanding of effective fraud and forensic accounting techniques can assist forensic accountants in identifying illegal activity and discovering and preserving evidence. Forensic accounting is a science that deals with the application of accounting facts gathered through auditing methods and procedures to legal problems usually dealing†¦show more content†¦He was finally brought to justice for tax evasion through the work of Elmer Irey, an accountant with the Internal Revenue Service, as much as through the efforts of Capone’s legendary nemesis, Eliot Ness. Since employ ee and management fraud, theft, embezzlement, and other financial crimes are increasing, accounting and auditing personnel must have training and skills to recognize these crimes. In addition, high profile corporate scandals, such as Enron, demonstrate the need to better prepare accounting graduates in the area of fraud prevention, deterrence, detection, investigation, and remediation. Forensic accounting involves the application of special skills in accounting, auditing, finance, quantitative methods, law and research. It also requires investigative skills to collect, analyze, and evaluate financial evidence as well as the ability to interpret and communicate findings. Forensic accounting is the intersection between accounting, investigation, and the law. Fraud examination is a methodology for resolving fraud allegations from inception to disposition, including obtaining evidence, interviewing, writing reports, and testifying (Crumbley, Heitger, Smith, Forensic and Investigative A ccounting, 2005). Whether a forensic accountant works in a civil or criminal arena, the professional must have a working knowledge in accounting concepts, auditing concepts, transaction processingShow MoreRelatedQuestions On Financial Crimes Against The Elderly1795 Words   |  8 Pages1st Topic of Discussion: Financial Crimes Against the Elderly. Please see â€Å"PD 3324† The Committee discussed Preliminary Draft (PD) No. 3324, Financial Crimes Against the Elderly. This drafted legislation will permit a financial institution to release certain financial records to a law enforcement agency of Adult Protective Services (APS) unit if the financial institution reasonably suspects illegal activity in connection with the account, and provides immunity to a financial institution that releasesRead MoreFinancial Crime1434 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is a Financial Crime? There is no internationally accepted definition of financial crime. Rather, the term expresses different concepts depending on the jurisdiction and on the context. In general, financial crime can refer to any non-violent crime that results in a financial gain to the perpetrators and loss to others or the state. It includes a range of illegal activities such as: †¢ corruption (bribery, speed money, kickbacks etc.) †¢ financial fraud (accounting, check, credit card, mortgageRead MoreCyber Crimes And Financial Institutions1857 Words   |  8 PagesWith the creation of the Internet came a whole new list of crimes targeting U.S. Banks and Financial Institutions. Crimes involving phishing, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS), and Malware to name a few are becoming more advanced and widespread on a global scale. The motivations behind these cyber-crimes are the safety of hiding behind a computer, can easily be conducted without being an expert at hacking, and profitability for the perpetrators is worth the risk (Singleton, T., Singleton, A.,Read MoreInternal Management Information And Controls For Financial Crime1125 Words   |  5 Pagesaction is required to contain a possible failure of our systems and controls. I will list who I will liaise with, giving reasons why. 1. A paper will be circulated to the Board noting my intention to investigate our systems and controls for financial crime (including AML), the provision of AML MI and the identification and mitigation of AML risk. This is an immediate priority as the Board need to be adequately warned of any potentially significant issues to ensure good governance is demonstratedRead MoreCorporate Financial Crime And Its Effects On Our Economy Essay1676 Words   |  7 Pagesbank’s system. You typically purchase items with your debit card or credit card. You utilize your bank daily for many of your needs. Now what happens when the bank that you trusted and have been loyal to is involved in a corporate financial crime? Corporate financial crime can have devastating effects on our economy, businesses and consumers. December 2007-June 2009 was one of the worst economic recessions our country faced since the Great Depression. One of the major factors the led to this recessionRead MoreTypes Of Financial Crimes That Can Be Committed By Many Individuals Around The World1373 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many types of financial crimes that can be committed by many individuals around the world. Some of these crimes include electronic crime, fraud, money laundering, terrorist financing, information security, bribery and corruption, finally insider trading. Of all these financial crimes that can be committed, I think that fraud is the most serious of them all. Fraud can ruin anyone s life financially, no matter what they have in their bank account. Bernard Lawrence Bernie Madoff , a formerRead MoreFinancial Crisis And Its Effects On The Economy Essay1593 Words   |  7 Pagesinvestment banks, two financial conglomerates, three insurance companies, and three rating agencies. Furthermore, all of the se companies are working hand-and-hand, as a team, whose main goal is to increase their personal bank accounts, which are located in banks overseas, at the risk of their consumers and investors. All of this can arguably be seen as a result of the idiotic decisions made by those in the government who repeatedly denied that they could foresee a financial crisis happening, evenRead MorePolicy Memo For White Collar Crimes1573 Words   |  7 Pagesproblem. Big financial institutions are difficult to prosecute in white-collar crimes because of their influence. Write two (2) sentences that describe the problem in greater detail (what are the effects of the problem?) The Holder Doctrine, which comes from a memo created in 1999, has been the reason behind a lack of criminal prosecution against big companies that were part of the reason of the United States financial setback in 2008. Because of this much of the fraud that led to the financial crisisRead More Crimes Against the Elderly1701 Words   |  7 Pagesthe state. The frequency of victimization of the elderly through various crimes has escalated with the criminal justice system facing increasing pressure to curb this trend. Despite all states having legislation that target protecting the adult population from crimes, wide gaps in reporting of crimes against the elderly are evident across the nation. The elderly have increasingly become more vulnerable to physical, financial, and emotional abuse. In many cases, citizens who are aware of these abusesRead MorePolicing Of Kelsey : Budget Report1526 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation. Due to pecuniary alterations, the town of Kelsey shall be recei ving limited assets leading to financial inadequacy. Thus, to poise this debt, the town’s Chief of Police Association is pushing the city to a 15% social security charge for a provisional 3-year time nonetheless the town lawmakers are hesitant for wheedling the tax contributors to give extra levy in the state of financial slump. The mayor understands that the added levy or increase in the funds is not going to happen and has

Leadership styles of the Organizations-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Explain the leadership styles of the Organizations. Answer: Introduction The main aim of this paper is to explain the leadership styles of the organizations. Steve Jobs has been selected in the task to evaluate the various types of leadership styles. One of the effective leaders in the world is Steve Jobs who is well known and popular for his leadership styles. He was the CEO and chairman of Apple Inc. Along with this, the paper explains that how Steve Jobs uses leadership styles in Apple Inc. to get more success and growth in the competitive market. It also explains the strengths and weaknesses of Steve Jobs. It describes that how ethics, diversity and politics help in effective leadership. Steve Paul Jobs was an American leader, inventor, and industrial designer. He was the chief executive officer, chairman and co-founder of Apple Inc. Steve Jobs was born on 24th February 1955 in California United states. He was an inspirational to many business and technology leaders. Steve Jobs dropped out of college to learn something new in life. At the age of 13, Jobs met with Stephen Wozniak who was one of the important persons in his life. Jobs expressed his interest in gadgetry and electronics. He was a harsh in nature and innovating player. Perfection is the main key success factor of Steve Jobs. He maintains clear vision in his life to attain success in the world. In addition, Jobs believes in privacy and he was not friendly with media. Literature review Leadership is the process of influencing others to do work effectively and efficiently. Puranik (2017) defines that leadership is the process and approach of influencing people to assist their efforts in order to attain long term goals and objectives of the firm. According to Yukl (2013) leadership is an act which may affect the functions of others towards achievement of objectives and goals. It is considered as an act to motivate and inspire others in order to improve and enhance their performance and productivity. According to Antonakis and Day (2017) leadership is the simple process of affecting others so that they will endeavor willingly towards the attainment of long term mission and vision. Apart from this, leadership is an effective approach which helps to direct the activities and operations of a group in order to attain objectives of the firm. Leadership plays a significant role to enhance corporate excellence and performance of the workers. Various leadership styles are used by organizations in todays modern world in order to overcome the competitors in the marketplace. Leadership style and behavior is the way in which operations and functions of leadership are carried out by the management. Soieb, Othman and D'Silva, (2013) stated that there are various types of leadership styles such as dictatorial, consultative, charismatic, participative, unitary and bureaucratic. The different leadership styles which are used by many organizations in todays competitive world have been stated below. Autocratic leadership: According to Iqbal, Anwar Haider (2015) autocratic leadership style permits managers and top management to make decisions alone without the input of the others. These types of leaders are very conscious and passionate for their position and they express their faith and trust in the workers. The leader believes that reward is one of the significant factors which can motivate subordinate for doing work effectively and successfully. Autocratic leadership is useful in emergency situations and homogenous work. Democratic leadership: This leadership style also known as participative leadership style. It is a type of leadership style in which the members of the group play a participative role in the decision making process (Hackman Johnson, 2013). It is one of the effective leadership styles which is used by many companies in todays world. Laissez-faire leadership: Under this leadership style, leaders attempt to pass the roles and responsibilities to make effective and unique decisions within the organization. Due to lack of confidence, laissez faire leadership style is not effective in the organizations. Decision making process is very slow in this style (Ramchunder Martins, 2014). Transactional leadership: This type of leadership style is used by the managers to get certain tasks and duties in order to provide rewards or punishment based on the performance and productivity of the workers. The managers and leaders set the goals and objectives within the organization (Mahdinezhad Suandi, 2013). In this way, leadership styles play a significant role to attain desired goals and objectives. Ciulla (2014) defines that ethics is a branch of knowledge that handle basic more principles. In other word, it refers to moral principles that govern and manage a persons behavior and action in an effective way. Diversity includes wide range of different things. It consists various elements such as ethnicity, gender, age, socio-economic status, political beliefs, sexual orientation and religious beliefs. The organizational politics plays an empirical role to grow the business in the marketplace. Politics is used for social networking and power within the organization to attain changes that provides advantages to the firm (Menzel, 2014). Through ethics, leaders are highly responsible for influencing subordinates to perform tasks, actions and behavior in a hassle free manner. An ethical leader also helps to influence and direct the workers by knowing values principles and needs. To become this kind of player, a person should analyze and identify the beliefs, goals and thinking of the workers. Furthermore, ethical leader also helps to understand the personal strengths, weaknesses, imitations and behaviors of subordinates to accomplish the goals. Bolman Deal (2017) defines that ethics is an effective system of morality that helps to conduct practices in the organization. The ethical norms and values help the leaders to guide and assist workers to conduct business activities and operations successfully. In this way, leaders have been able to maintain favorable working environment at the workplace which will encourage the employees to maximize the profitability of the firm (Edwards III Wayne, 2013). On the other hand, effective leadership empowers each subordinate in terms of race, religion, sex, and inspires the capability and desire to work together in order to meet common objectives. Diversity is a significant factor in effective leadership which helps to promote a multicultural environment. It also helps to promote ethnic and racial equality and it increases human capital. Leaders need to know and understand that they have to develop liability into their system with regard to their top management and managers taking responsibility for generating a favorable working environment. Innovative ideas and opinion can be created through diversification (Chhokar, Brodbeck House, 2013). On the other hand, one of the vital elements in effective leadership is politics which could help to make unique decisions within the organization. The political leader is most significant because they keep authority of government to assess to the distribution of power and resources. It will also help to build and develop reciprocal relationship with other stakeholders. In this way, ethics, politics and diversity help the leaders to carry the activities and operations of the business successfully. Tricker Tricker (2015) defines that corporate governance is the system of practices, rules and process by which a firm is directed and controlled. It also helps to balance the interest of stakeholders in the organization. The employees, owners, society and managers are main stakeholders of the company. The employees are considered main stakeholders in a corporation and they are more interested in the output of the decisions which affect them indirectly and directly (Benn Dunphy, 2013). Therefore, it is very important for the employee to play a vital role in corporate governance and they must have ability to participate in the decision making process of the corporation. Benn Dunphy (2013) said that employee engagement is possible through corporate governance as it helps to explore and expand the business of the company in the marketplace. In addition, employee can fulfill their obligation and duties in the workplace through effective and unique system of corporate. On the other han d, corporate governance provides enormous benefits to owner of the firm. The good corporate governance provides proper incentives to board and management in order to pursue goals and objectives that are in the interest of the firm (ArAs, 2016). It also provides security to the shareholders on their investment. Along with this, corporate governance maximizes profitability of the company with minimizing the risks and challenges. Through corporate governance, management makes rules, policies and strategies to determine how the firm is directed. It also improves reputation of the firm and reduces legal consequences and hurdles within the organization. Conflicts and fraud can be controlled by implementing effective rules and policies. The corporate governance also ensures economic growth and it also maintains confidence of the investors. As a result, the firm can raise capital successfully. It has left positive impact on the share price (Davies, 2016). Critical study Firstly, Steven Jobs is a transformational leader because he works with subordinates in order to identify the essential organizational changes in the firm. He is a self motivated person who inspires other people to do work effectively. By using transformational leadership style, steve Jobs had been able to set standards and rules for the success and growth of the firm. Along with this, Steve Jobs used autocratic leadership style to pursue his vision with team members at the workplace. He was considered autocratic leader because steve Jobs retained all authority, power and reserves the rights to control the employees. He supervised and monitord the productivity and outcomes of the workers. Along with this, he was remarkable and valuable leader in the modern history. Steve Jobs entrusted that a leader is a person who can beat the competitors and reduce the challenges of the market. The apple success and growth showed that Steve Jobs is a wonderful and magnificent leader in the world. A fter the various researchers, it has been analyzed that leadership styles are important to determine the long term mission and vision of the firm. Now it is assumed that Steve Jobs is an autocratic and transformational leader. Moreover, Steve Jobs had a sense of urgency that helps to run the business activities effectively. In addition, Steve Jobs was an adaptable in nature which was used in multiple situations. Additionally, he was always thinking about the future and had a clear ideas and opinion what he wanted to achieve. This vision helped Jobs to push his team together for achieving the common goals and objectives. Conclusion In the above mentioned analysis, it can be concluded that Steve Jobs plays a significant role in leadership. He was the CEO and founder of Apple Inc. The life of Steve Jobs was very challenges and inspiring. Effective leadership styles were followed by Steve Jobs such as autocratic and transformational leadership. He was the artistic and innovative leader which was one of the biggest strengths of Steve Jobs. He had a hardware expert who maintained clear vision. On the other hand, he was an autocratic leader and he did not promote teamwork within the organization. It was main weakness of Steve Jobs. Now it is recommended that Steve Jobs should have used democratic leadership style in Apple Inc. to promote and encourage employees. In this way, they can participate in decision making process which could help to increase productivity of the firm. In addition, teamwork could be promoted by Steve Jobs to give more opportunities to the workers. References Antonakis, J. and Day, D.V. eds., 2017.The nature of leadership (3rd edition). Sage publications. ArAs, G. (2016).A handbook of corporate governance and social responsibility. CRC Press. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. (2013).Corporate governance and sustainability: Challenges for theory and practice. Routledge. Bolman, L. G., Deal, T. E. (2017).Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley Sons. Chhokar, J. S., Brodbeck, F. C., House, R. J. (Eds.). (2013).Culture and leadership across the world: The GLOBE book of in-depth studies of 25 societies. Routledge. Ciulla, J.B. ed., 2014.Ethics, the heart of leadership (3rd ed., pp.3-32). ABC-CLIO. Davies, A. (2016).Best practice in corporate governance: Building reputation and sustainable success. Routledge. Edwards III, G. C., Wayne, S. J. (2013).Presidential leadership: Politics and policy making. Cengage Learning. Hackman, M. Z., Johnson, C. E. (2013).Leadership: A communication perspective. Waveland Press. Iqbal, N., Anwar, S., Haider, N. (2015). Effect of leadership style on employee performance.Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review,5(5). Mahdinezhad, M., Suandi, B. (2013). Transformational, Transactional Leadership Styles and Job Performance of Academic Leaders.International Education Studies,6(11), 29-34. Menzel, D. C. (2014).Ethics management for public administrators: Building organizations of integrity. Routledge. Puranik.V., (2017). Literature review of leadership. International journal of management Ramchunder, Y., Martins, N. (2014). The role of self-efficacy, emotional intelligence and leadership style as attributes of leadership effectiveness.SA Journal of Industrial Psychology,40(1), 01-11. Soieb, A.Z.M., Othman, J. and D'Silva, J.L., 2013. The effects of perceived leadership styles and organizational citizenship behaviour on employee engagement: The mediating role of conflict management.International Journal of Business and Management,8(8), p.91. Tricker, R. B., Tricker, R. I. (2015).Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices (3rd edition). Oxford University Press, USA. Yukl, G. A. (2013).Leadership in organizations (7th ed., pp.76-103). Pearson Education India.

Tokyo Sonata free essay sample

Critically discuss the changing family values in contemporary Japan as represented in Tokyo Sonata (2009). lt;lt;Tokyo Sonatagt;gt; is a realist film about a Middle Class Family of Japan. This film have not mention about the warmth of a family, unlike other Japanese Drama ,they prefer another way to present the most common situation of Japanese family – dull diary life. Inside of Sasaki’s family, they have perform a typical personality of normal Japanese family: a father being concerned about face-saving, a mother who have a lot of pressure and desire to suppress, a eldest son (18-22 years old teenager) who rarely go home and a younger son(11-13 years old) who have a unpleasant primary school life. We can find the different type of Japan’s ‘Traditional Family Value’ by their consisting of Family. 1) Led to father as the core of family structure In Japanese culture, and even look to the Southeast Asian countries (China, South Korea), people are generally adopted men are breadwinners; women are homemakers, that mean the whole family financial income are rely on father, that make a lot of problem and unusual phenomenon become normal in Japan, for instance, ‘Fatherless Society’[1]. We will write a custom essay sample on Tokyo Sonata or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fatherless Society’ that mean the majority of children are more intimate with his/her mother, because of their father need to work outside the home with longer time, and the responsibility of educating their children falls on the mother. At the movie, Sasaki’s family seem like that, we can see the two sons are more willing to share their own thing with his mother, a eldest son, Takashi, he always avoid to face his father, and when he need the parents to sign a agreement of apply for an American army, he also first to find his mother, Megumi, to sign it. Moreover, the younger son, Kenji, when the mother knows his secret, his just told Megumi does not let his father know. Now we know the father of Japan as a middle-class family, the communication and relationship with the child is very weak, and there is another reason of this phenomenon, is the â€Å"dignity† and the paternal authority of Japanese Father. There are several movie scenes that we can find out that feature of Japanese Family. The paternal authority is inviolable of Japanese Fathar, they not allow the family members have any challenge with his authority as a father, at the film, when Ryuhei suffer Kenjis throw the keyboard to him, Ryuhei promptly run to stairs want to catch Kenji and careless throws him down the stairs ,it also in order to send a message of paternal authority Moreover, another scene is when Takashi back to home has dinner, even Ryuhei know the other family members are waiting for him ,his also slowly to have a beer ,and he finally said â€Å" †(Lets eat),the other family members just can start the meal. Japanese in the 1980s experienced economic bubble, and dropped out of school when most young people are choosing to join the workplace, resulting in the 21st century, a large number of middle-class people without any skills and knowledge, such as Ryuhei, it is difficult for them to keep their jobs, when the industry are facing Economic Crisis. So, Ryuhei have to maintain his â€Å"dignity† as a father, he cannot tell the family about the layoff. We can also see the â€Å"Sense of Shame culture†[2] of Japanese in Ryuhei, he refuses to admit the mistakes to his son, and also use â€Å"the parents have to maintain the dignity† as an excuse. 2) Japanese housewife is under a lot of pressure In a â€Å"Fatherless Society† culture, Japanese housewife need to become an â€Å"Education Mama† to care and education of their children. Those missions are making Japanese mothers lack of freedom to do what them wants. In the movie, Megumi just keep in secret to he r husband of her learn to drive, when she spend time to cook a donuts ,she still cannot get anyone to eat it, and she also find out nobody to care her in this house. † Someone pulls me up..? as Megumi said, when she feel tried, did not have any other family members to care her, that situation are seems to be other Japanese housewife, because of their husband work outside the home in dairy life, as a housewife, she just can spend a lot of time at home with nobody, which will make them to have a huge fell of loneliness, and they will always expect something different, or special thing will happen in their life. So, we can see when Megumi meet an escaped criminal breaks into the house and Megumi decides to run off with him, the shallow nature of Megumi’s commitment to her place in the world is revealed. She feels comfortable when she can drive the car to escape, which also she feel good when she can abandon the burden of her family, she finds herself restless against a social system that has casted her as an individual who should only cook, clean, and nurture her family, nothing else. We are easily to see many Japanese Drama or Movie have mention about the suppression of Japanese Housewife, which may be a desire of sexual, money, family concern or freedom. This phenomenon is usually happen in a normal Japanese Family. 3)Communication barriers of family members Because of the family members have a huge different view of â€Å"Family value†, and also have a lot of factors to influence the relationship of family. Firstly, is a Generation Gap of family members ,in Tokyo Sonata, we can see the brother of Sasaki’s family are lack of communication, they didn’t have any converse in movie ,even Takashi have a big decision to left to this home ,Kenji seems didn’t h ave any concern about it ,just be a bystander of a conflict of his father and his brother . And then, some survey and research display the Japanese teenagers are trend to against adults or their parents ,they will not listen and follow the instruction of adults unthinkingly, and they choose to believe the thing was right by their opinion, not allow people to judge or doubt. For Takashi, he believe that be a US Army can protect his family; for Kenji, he choose to use his lunch-money to attend the piano lessons. Teenagers are persist to action what they want, meanwhile, all parents are want them kid listen to hem and follow the most idealized role of parents ,which will become a reason why the family usually have a conflicts. Moreover, some research[3] claim that a most primary 4-6 students are feel depression, a school bullying are common in Japanese school, the students are influence by internet, animation or comics, they may feel self-satisfied of bully others. As example of Kenji, he may not being bullied by classmates, but he receives the unequal treat from his teacher, that makes feel loneness and seek for the care of adults. 4) The lie is a way to destroyed, the honest is a only way to build For the main causes of crisis of Sasaki’s family, is not by Ryuhei being laid off, the seeds of the crisis have already planted in the family deep inside, the family members each have their own secret, but by the limitations of the traditional family culture, they pretend nothing, so when the hypocrisy of the truth was broken, it caused a storm to destroy everything. Ryuhei being laid off, he pretend nothing to protect his â€Å"dignity†, Megumi get the drivers license, she just hide to her husband and younger son ,when she realize that Ryuhei are lose his job ,she also keep in secret. Kenji do not share about his situation at school, use his lunch-money and leave early from school to learn piano, those lie are make the relationship of family become worse, we can see even there are sit together for a dinner, but they didn’t have any interflow with each, also do not want to have it. In last part of movie, we can see finally they turn back to have meal, three of them are also just experience the unusual happening, but they prefer to go back â€Å"home†, and Ryuhei finally give up the huge sum of money, and wear his cleaner uniform to face him family, because in their mind, â€Å"home† is the only destination of their life, it is ultimately and irreplaceable, and also are unchangeable â€Å"family value†.